NAAC will eliminate Grading System and be classified as ‘Accredited’ or ‘Not Accredited.’

In a recent executive council meeting, the National Assessment and Accreditation Council ( NAAC ) made significant decisions regarding the accreditation system for Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in the country. This transformation involves a shift from the traditional grading system to a binary categorization as either “accredited” or “not accredited.” Additionally, the NAAC introduced a Maturity-Based Graded Accreditation system, ranging from level 1 to 5, to motivate institutions to strive for excellence.

Binary Accreditation System

The primary change entails the adoption of a Binary Accreditation system within the next four months. Institutions will no longer receive grades but will be classified simply as accredited or not accredited. This strategic move aims to encourage all institutions to participate in the accreditation process, fostering a quality culture in higher education.

According to a senior Ministry of Education (MoE) official, this binary approach aligns with global best practices observed in leading countries worldwide.

Maturity-Based Graded Accreditation

In the second stage of reforms, the NAAC plans to implement Maturity-Based Graded Accreditation (level 1 to 5) by December. This system introduces levels to accredited institutions, motivating them to strive for the highest level of 5, titled “Institutions of Global Excellence for Multi-Disciplinary Research and Education.” The intention is to elevate the global positioning and quality of Indian institutions.

The official emphasized that this level-grading system is designed to enable Indian institutions to enhance their quality significantly and compete on a global scale.

Evaluation Process under the Current System

The existing accreditation process involves the computation of Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) after assessment. The final grade is assigned on a seven-point scale based on the CGPA, reflecting the institution’s performance within a specific score range. However, the forthcoming reforms seek to move away from this input-centric model.

Transformative Reforms Recommended by Expert Committee

An expert committee, formed by the Ministry, has proposed transformative reforms to strengthen the periodic approval, assessment, and accreditation processes for HEIs. The committee’s recommendations focus on mentoring and incentivizing schemes to enhance participation and accreditation levels.

National Education Policy 2020 and Committee’s Recommendations

In alignment with the National Education Policy 2020, which set a target of 50% Gross Enrolment Ratio by 2035, the Ministry constituted a committee in November 2022. Headed by K Radhakrishnan, former chairman of ISRO, the committee presented its final report to Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan on January 16.

The committee recommended transformative reforms to bolster approval, assessment, accreditation, and ranking of Indian HEIs. Emphasis is placed on considering the heterogeneity of HEIs, categorizing them based on orientation/vision and heritage/legacy.

Metrics for Binary and Maturity-Based Graded Accreditation

The proposed metrics for accreditation focus on processes, outcomes, and impact across various attributes of HEIs. Instead of a one-size-fits-all model, the new process tailors information requests to the specific category and characteristics of each institution. Special attention will be given to rural and remote institutions through mentoring and handholding.

One Nation One Data Platform

To enhance data integrity and transparency, a new “One Nation One Data Platform” has been proposed. This platform aims to consolidate institutional data collected for purposes such as approval, accreditation, and ranking. It incorporates an in-built design for cross-checking data authenticity.

Stakeholder Validation for Data Reliability

Recognizing the importance of valid and reliable data, the reform proposes “stakeholder validation” to integrate stakeholders into the accreditation and ranking process. This inclusion ensures a more comprehensive and accurate assessment of institutions.

NAAC’s Role and Peer Review Teams

The NAAC, an autonomous body under the UGC, plays a pivotal role in assessing and certifying higher educational institutions through accreditation. The Assessment and Accreditation exercise involve Peer Review Teams comprising academics from universities, colleges, research organizations, and government entities.

Indian higher education on the global stage

These comprehensive reforms in the higher education accreditation system signify a paradigm shift towards a more dynamic and outcome-oriented approach. The focus on encouraging institutions to aspire for global excellence and the introduction of tailored metrics demonstrate a commitment to enhancing the overall quality and relevance of Indian higher education on the global stage. As these reforms unfold, the education landscape in the country is poised for a positive transformation.